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Understanding Sensory Disorders in Children with Autism.

Writer's picture: Azureen Binti Amir RudinAzureen Binti Amir Rudin

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face sensory processing challenges, commonly referred to as sensory disorders. These difficulties can range from hypersensitivity (over-responsiveness) to hyposensitivity (under-responsiveness) to various sensory inputs like sound, touch, taste, sight, smell, and movement. Sensory processing issues in autism can significantly affect daily life, making it crucial for parents to recognize the signs and implement supportive activities at home.




Symptoms of Sensory Processing Disorder in Autism


  1. Hypersensitivity (Over-Responsiveness):

    • Children who are hypersensitive may find ordinary sensations overwhelming.

    • Example: A child might cover their ears in noisy environments, refuse certain clothing because it feels “scratchy,” or avoid being touched. Loud sounds or bright lights might also cause distress.

  2. Hyposensitivity (Under-Responsiveness):

    • Some children may have an under-responsiveness to sensory stimuli, meaning they might seek out sensory input or appear unaware of common sensations.

    • Example: A child might not notice when they get hurt, seem to constantly bump into things, or seek out strong physical contact, like hugs or squeezing.

  3. Sensory Seeking Behavior:

    • Sensory-seeking behaviors may manifest when a child actively craves certain stimuli to self-regulate.

    • Example: Spinning, jumping, rocking back and forth, or mouthing objects may be common behaviors as the child tries to fulfill their sensory needs.

  4. Aversion to Certain Tastes, Smells, or Textures:

    • A child with sensory issues may have strong preferences or aversions related to food textures, tastes, or smells.

    • Example: They might gag when eating certain textures or avoid a wide range of foods.


At-Home Activities to Improve Sensory Issues

Parents can engage their children in sensory-friendly activities that are tailored to their needs, whether they are hypersensitive or hyposensitive. These activities are designed to help the child gradually tolerate or better process sensory input.


  1. Weighted Blankets or Vests:

    • For children with hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to touch.

    • The deep pressure provided by a weighted blanket or vest can be calming and soothing for children who seek out sensory input.

    • Example: Encourage your child to use a weighted blanket during quiet time or bedtime to help regulate their sense of touch and create a calming effect.

  2. Sensory Bins:

    • For tactile stimulation (children who are either hypersensitive or hyposensitive to textures).

    • Create a sensory bin filled with items like rice, beans, sand, or small toys to encourage tactile exploration.

    • Example: Let your child run their hands through the materials, hide small objects in the bin for them to find, or use spoons and cups to scoop, promoting fine motor skills while desensitizing their sense of touch.

  3. Swinging or Rocking Activities:

    • For vestibular stimulation (children who have issues with balance or movement).

    • Children with hyposensitivity may benefit from swinging or rocking, which stimulates the vestibular system responsible for balance and spatial orientation.

    • Example: Use a swing in the backyard or a rocking chair indoors to help your child self-regulate and improve their sense of balance.

  4. Calming Sensory Play with Slime or Playdough:

    • For improving tactile sensitivity.

    • Playing with squishy, moldable materials like slime or playdough can be an effective way to introduce new textures to children who have aversions to touch.

    • Example: Guide your child through various creative activities, such as rolling or shaping the playdough, which can help them feel more comfortable with different textures.

  5. Noise-Canceling Headphones:

    • For children with hypersensitivity to sound.

    • Loud noises can be overwhelming for children with sound sensitivities. Noise-canceling headphones or earplugs can reduce the intensity of background noise.

    • Example: Use noise-canceling headphones in noisy environments like grocery stores or playgrounds to help your child stay calm and focused.

  6. Brushing Therapy:

    • For tactile defensiveness or hypersensitivity to touch.

    • Brushing therapy involves gently brushing the skin with a sensory brush to reduce over-sensitivity and calm the nervous system.

    • Example: Incorporate brushing sessions before a child has to engage in challenging sensory environments, such as putting on new clothes or going out.

  7. Food Textures Exploration:

    • For sensory issues with taste and texture.

    • Gradually introducing new textures and flavors in a non-pressuring environment can help children with aversions to certain foods.

    • Example: Start with foods that are similar to what your child already enjoys but introduce new textures, like pureed fruit or crunchy vegetables, and let them touch and explore the food before trying it.



      Sensory disorders among children with autism are unique to each child and can pose various challenges in daily life. However, with the right support, understanding, and home-based activities, parents can help their children develop coping mechanisms and gradually improve their sensory processing. Tailoring these activities to meet a child's specific sensory needs can make a positive impact, improving not only sensory regulation but also overall well-being.

      Parents should also consider consulting with an occupational therapist to get a personalized sensory plan for their child. Small, consistent efforts at home can go a long way in helping a child with autism feel more comfortable and better able to navigate the world around them.


By Child Psychologist,

Ms Azureen.

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#CHILD PSYCHOLOGY #AUTISM AWARENESS #MENTAL HEALTH #PSYCHOTHERAPY #ASSESSMENT #COUNSELING

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